Glaucoma assessment
Protecting vision through careful monitoring
Glaucoma care is not based on one pressure reading. It depends on the optic nerve, eye pressure, imaging, visual field testing, risk factors, and how findings change over time.
What glaucoma is
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can damage the optic nerve. It often develops slowly and may not cause obvious symptoms in the early stages.
Because lost vision from glaucoma is usually not reversible, the aim is to identify risk early, detect meaningful change, and protect vision over time.
Why early detection matters
Many people with glaucoma feel that their vision is normal until damage has already progressed. This is why regular eye examinations are important, especially when risk factors are present.
A comprehensive eye examination provides the baseline for deciding whether glaucoma is present, whether you are a glaucoma suspect, or whether monitoring is enough.
Risk factors
Glaucoma checks may be especially relevant if you have:
- A family history of glaucoma
- Raised eye pressure or previous borderline results
- Increasing age
- High myopia
- Diabetes or vascular risk factors
- Long-term steroid exposure in selected cases
What assessment may include
A glaucoma visit may combine clinical examination with structured testing, depending on your history and previous results.
- Intraocular pressure measurement
- Slit-lamp examination
- Optic nerve assessment, often with dilation
- OCT imaging of the optic nerve and nerve fibre layer
- Visual field testing
- Corneal thickness measurement when relevant
Advanced visual field testing
Where appropriate, glaucoma assessment may include the iCare COMPASS, a fundus-tracked perimetry system that combines automated visual field testing, retinal imaging, and eye tracking in a single examination.
This type of testing helps link visual field results more closely to the retina and optic nerve, supporting more precise monitoring over time.
Technology in context
OCT, optic nerve imaging, visual field testing, pressure measurement, and clinical examination each answer a different question. The value comes from interpreting them together rather than relying on one isolated result.
More information about diagnostic equipment is available on the Technology & Diagnostics page.
Glaucoma suspects and ocular hypertension
Some patients do not have confirmed glaucoma but need monitoring because of elevated pressure, optic nerve appearance, family history, or borderline test results.
In these situations, follow-up is often focused on detecting true change over time before committing to long-term treatment.
Treatment pathways
When glaucoma or ocular hypertension is confirmed, management depends on the type of glaucoma, pressure level, optic nerve findings, test results, and evidence of progression.
- Observation in selected low-risk cases
- Pressure-lowering eye drops
- Laser treatment such as SLT in appropriate open-angle cases
- YAG peripheral iridotomy for selected narrow-angle anatomy
- Referral onward for surgery when required
Cataracts and glaucoma
Cataracts and glaucoma often overlap, especially with age. Blurred vision or glare may relate to cataract, glaucoma, dry eye, or more than one factor.
This is why symptoms are interpreted alongside examination findings. Learn more about cataract assessment and surgery.
When urgent assessment matters
Seek prompt assessment for sudden severe eye pain, marked redness, halos around lights, nausea or vomiting with eye pain, or a sudden drop in vision.
These symptoms do not automatically mean glaucoma, but they should not be ignored. Learn more about when to see an eye doctor.
Related care
How glaucoma care fits into eye health
Glaucoma assessment often sits alongside general eye examinations, cataract review, retinal imaging, and long-term monitoring.